![]() ![]() Posttreatment results revealed that the immersive VR modality was superior to the audio-only modality for reducing pain intensity and pain-related interference with activity, mood, sleep, and stress. The first trial compared a 3-week skills-based VR program to the same therapeutic content delivered in audio-only format in 79 individuals with CLBP or fibromyalgia. In 2 randomized trials, we evaluated the effectiveness of a therapeutic VR program that incorporated multiple pain management modalities delivered via brief daily VR sessions. ![]() Such programs closely mirror the content delivered in pain self-management or evidence-based psychological treatments for chronic pain. However, recent chronic pain research has investigated fully self-administered VR programs that require no clinician contact or guided movement exercises. Many VR treatments for CLBP involve rehabilitation exercise and require therapist guidance. Immersive VR is an evidence-based analgesic for acute low back pain, procedural low back pain, and CLBP. Innovations in digital therapeutics, such as immersive virtual reality (VR), offer the promise of home-based care, broad availability of treatment, and the potential to address the needs of underserved populations with CLBP. Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is the most common persistent pain condition worldwide, and multiple barriers impede patient access to timely and effective care. ![]()
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